Ethernet

Ethernet
Ethernet is a family of frame-based computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs). The name comes from the physical concept of the ether. It defines a number of wiring and signaling standards for the Physical Layer of the OSI networking model, through means of network access at the Media Access Control (MAC) /Data Link Layer, and a common addressing format.

Ethernet is standardized as IEEE 802.3. The combination of the twisted pair versions of Ethernet for connecting end systems to the network, along with the fiber optic versions for site backbones, is the most widespread wired LAN technology. It has been in use from around 1980[1] to the present, largely replacing competing LAN standards such as token ring, FDDI, and ARCNET.


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1 History
2 Standardization
3 General description
4 Dealing with multiple clients
4.1 CSMA/CD shared medium Ethernet
4.1.1 Main procedure
4.1.2 Collision detected procedure
4.2 Repeaters and hubs
4.3 Bridging and switching
4.4 Dual speed hubs
4.5 More advanced networks
5 Autonegotiation and duplex mismatch
6 Physical layer
7 Ethernet frame types and the EtherType field
7.1 Runt frames
8 Varieties of Ethernet
8.1 Some early varieties
8.2 10Mbit/s Ethernet
8.3 Fast Ethernet
8.4 Gigabit Ethernet
8.5 10-gigabit Ethernet
9 Related standards
10 See also
11 References
12 External links